Patients that require physical therapy are those that have some form of physical or function of disability that is affecting their quality of life. These can range from clinical symptoms to problems with balance, breathing, strength, exercise tolerance and flexibility.
Initially, patients may be offered assisted active and passive movement exercises combined with resisted movements. While most of these may take place within a hospital setting, sometimes aqua therapy (i.e. treatment of patients in a swimming pool) can be useful. The aim of the exercises is to improve the overall strength of muscles, allow better gait control, promote neuromuscular coordination and enhanced overall fitness.
In addition to these types of exercises, physical therapists may also use neuromuscular electrical stimulation to help enhance strength and relieve pain. The electrical stimulation can generate significant heat in the muscles which helps to improve blood flow and muscle strength.
Altering the temperature of the muscles and tissues can also reduce pain and improve the patient's range of movement. Physical therapists may also work in conjunction with occupational therapists in order to provide the patient with orthotic devices that can improve the mobility and reduce pain. This can include prosthesis and walking aids as well.
Other treatments include therapeutic taping, treatment of trigger points causing weakness, compression therapy and traction therapy.